**How Does Solar Panel Work?**.
**Step 1: Absorption of Sunlight**.
When sunlight hits a solar panel, the panels are made up of photovoltaic cells that absorb the sunlight. These cells are made of semiconducting materials such as silicon. .
**Step 2: Electron Excitation**.
The absorbed sunlight excites the electrons in the semiconducting material, causing them to be released from their atoms. This creates an electric current.
**Step 3: Production of Electricity**.
The released electrons flow through the material, creating an electric current that can be captured and harnessed. This electricity is in the form of direct current (DC) energy.
**Step 4: Conversion to AC**.
Most homes and businesses use alternating current (AC) electricity, so the DC electricity produced by the solar panels needs to be converted. An inverter is used to convert the DC energy to AC energy, making it usable for powering appliances and devices.
**Step 5: Distribution of Electricity**.
The AC electricity produced by the solar panels is now ready for distribution throughout the building. Any excess electricity that is not used can be stored in batteries or sent back to the grid for credit.
**Step 6: Monitoring and Maintenance**.
Monitoring systems can track the performance of the solar panels to ensure they are operating efficiently. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning the panels and checking for any damage, is important to keep the system running smoothly.
In conclusion, solar panels work by absorbing sunlight, converting it into electricity, and then distributing that electricity for use. This clean and renewable energy source is becoming increasingly popular as a way to reduce reliance on traditional fossil fuels and lower carbon emissions.
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